{"id":584,"date":"2018-12-01T16:44:13","date_gmt":"2018-12-01T20:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unirea.org\/?p=584"},"modified":"2018-12-03T12:20:08","modified_gmt":"2018-12-03T16:20:08","slug":"romanii-greco-catolici-americani-si-marea-unire-de-la-1918","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unirea.org\/ro\/2018\/12\/01\/romanii-greco-catolici-americani-si-marea-unire-de-la-1918\/","title":{"rendered":"Rom\u00e2nii Greco-Catolici Americani \u0219i Marea Unire de la 1918"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Pr. Petru St\u00eenea<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Instaurarea dualismului austro-ungar \u00een anul 1867 \u015fi trecerea Transilvaniei direct sub guvernare maghiar\u0103 a \u00eensemnat o grea lovitur\u0103 pentru rom\u00e2nii transilv\u0103neni. Au \u00eenceput s\u0103 apar\u0103 legi care vizau maghiarizarea rom\u00e2nilor \u015fi dominarea lor politic\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, datorit\u0103 condi\u0163iilor economice dificile \u00een care erau \u0163inu\u0163i \u015fi a opresiunii na\u0163ionale, mul\u0163i transilv\u0103neni “\u015fi-au luat lumea \u00een cap”, plec\u00e2nd spre America. Ajun\u015fi aici, ace\u015ftia s-au stabilit \u00een ora\u015fele puternic industrializate: Cleveland, Youngstown, Akron, Canton din statul Ohio, Sharon, Pittsburgh, Erie, Farrell din statul Pennsylvania, Detroit, Michigan, Chicago, Illinois, Indiana Harbor din statul Indiana etc. Rom\u00e2nii, neput\u00e2nd fi asimila\u0163i de c\u0103tre societatea american\u0103, s-au organizat \u00een societ\u0103\u0163i proprii de ajutor, biserici, ziare, b\u0103nci etc.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Biserica Sf. Elena (1906)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Credincio\u015fii greco-catolici au construit prima biseric\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 \u00een anul 1906 (Sf\u00e2nta Elena din Cleveland), apoi, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul 1918 au \u00eenfiin\u0163at \u015fi construit 17 biserici. Preo\u0163ii care au \u00eenfiin\u0163at \u015fi p\u0103storit aceste comunit\u0103\u0163i proveneau, \u00een mare parte, din r\u00e2ndurile lupt\u0103torilor transilv\u0103neni pentru drepturile rom\u00e2nilor. \u00cei avem \u00een vedere pe Epaminonda Lucaciu, preot provenit din familia celebrului “Leu din \u015ei\u015fe\u015fti”, Vasile Lucaciu (cel mai mare preot na\u0163ionalist transilv\u0103nean), Cornel Lengyel, Alexandru Nicolescu, Alexandru Pop, Ioan Pop, Aurel Ha\u0163egan, Coriolan M. Pop Lupu, Aurel Bung\u0103rdean, Aurel Vod\u0103, Vasile Lucaciu, Constantin Lucaciu, Alexandru \u015eerban, Ioan Vanca etc.<\/p>\n

Solidaritatea politic\u0103 a rom\u00e2nilor americani fa\u0163\u0103 de compatrio\u0163ii din \u0163ar\u0103 s-a manifestat \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceputurile organiz\u0103rii biserice\u015fti a rom\u00e2nilor greco-catolici din America. Stabili\u0163i \u00eentr-o \u0163ar\u0103 liber\u0103, rom\u00e2nii imigran\u021bi s-au aflat \u00eentr-un permanent contact cu realitatea de acas\u0103 prin intermediul scrisorilor, a ziarelor, a ve\u015ftilor aduse de al\u0163i compatrio\u0163i, vibr\u00e2nd la orice noutate legate de schimb\u0103rile politice din \u0163ar\u0103. Astfel, din informa\u0163iile documentare reiese participarea afectiv\u0103 \u015fi efectiv\u0103 a rom\u00e2nilor emigra\u0163i fa\u0163\u0103 de toate evenimentele politice majore petrecute \u00een \u0163ar\u0103 \u015fi derulate \u00een epoca regimului austro-ungar si perioada primului r\u0103zboi mondial.<\/p>\n

Intrarea Rom\u00e2niei \u00een primul r\u0103zboi mondial \u015fi p\u0103trunderea trupelor rom\u00e2ne \u00een Transilvania a generat \u00een ora\u015ful Dayton o manifestare de simpatie din partea credincio\u015filor greco-catolici rom\u00e2ni fa\u0163\u0103 de aceste evenimente. Aceast\u0103 manifestare a fost considerat\u0103 de c\u0103tre Diaspora maghiar\u0103 din ora\u015f o provocare \u015fi o jignire la adresa lor, ajung\u00e2ndu-se la lupte de strad\u0103 \u00eentre rom\u00e2ni \u015fi maghiari. Preotul greco-catolic Coriolan M. Pop Lupu a fost alungat din ora\u015f, iar parohia rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 a fost desfiin\u0163at\u0103, biserica fiind cump\u0103rat\u0103 de c\u0103tre maghiari.<\/p>\n

\u00cen anul 1917, guvernul rom\u00e2n de la Ia\u015fi a trimis \u00een America Misiunea Patriotic\u0103 Na\u0163ional\u0103 format\u0103 din preotul greco-catolic Vasile Lucaciu, preotul ortodox Ioan Mo\u0163a \u015fi locotenentul Vasile Stoica, cu scopul \u00eentreit: de a \u00eenfiin\u0163a o legiune militar\u0103 rom\u00e2n\u0103, care s\u0103 lupte pe frontul francez, de a asigura cercurile politice \u015fi opinia public\u0103 american\u0103 de ata\u015famentul Rom\u00e2niei fa\u0163\u0103 de idealurile Antantei \u015fi de a a face cunoscute printre rom\u00e2nii din Statele Unite obiectivele pentru care Rom\u00e2nia a intrat \u00een r\u0103zboi. Alegerea lui Vasile Lucaciu, ca \u015fi cap al misiunii nu a fost \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103toare, deoarece el \u00eei avea aici pe fratele, Constantin Lucaciu, pe fiul, Epaminonda Lucaciu \u015fi pe cumnatul s\u0103u, Gheorghe Barbul. La 2 iulie 1917, delega\u0163ia rom\u00e2n\u0103 a fost primit\u0103 la Casa Alb\u0103 de c\u0103tre secretarul de stat, Robert Lansing, Vasile Lucaciu expun\u00e2nd scopul patriotic al misiunii conduse de el \u015fi situa\u0163ia critic\u0103 a statului rom\u00e2n. A urmat un turneu al acestei misiuni \u00een toate parohiile rom\u00e2ne\u015fti din America, “rom\u00e2nii fiind electriza\u0163i de vorbirea p\u0103rintelui Lucaciu de a sus\u0163ine r\u0103zboiul rom\u00e2nilor \u015fi unirea tuturor rom\u00e2nilor \u00eentr-o Rom\u00e2nie Mare.” Dup\u0103 acest turneu, la care au participat mii de rom\u00e2ni, la 5 iulie 1918 s-au pus bazele Ligii Na\u0163ionale Rom\u00e2ne, asocia\u0163ie care a cuprins to\u0163i rom\u00e2nii, indiferent de religie sau politic\u0103. Conducerea Ligii a fost \u00eencredin\u0163at\u0103 preotului Epaminonda Lucaciu, care a militat pe toate c\u0103ile posibile ca idealul de unire a Transilvaniei cu Rom\u00e2nia s\u0103 se \u00eendeplineasc\u0103, ajung\u00e2nd chiar s\u0103 apeleze prin telegrame la pre\u015fedintele american Woodrow Wilson. Rom\u00e2nii americani au adresat \u015fi o scrisoare istoric\u0103 numit\u0103 “Mo\u0163iunea rom\u00e2nilor americani adresat\u0103 Conferin\u0163ei de Pace de la Versailles, din anul 1919”, \u00een care semnatarii cereau recunoa\u015fterea politico-diplomatic\u0103 interna\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi consfin\u0163irea \u00een tratatele de pace a statului na\u0163ional unitar rom\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Alba Iulia, 1 Decembrie, 1918<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Actul de unire de la 1 Decembrie 1918 de la Alba Iulia a avut un larg ecou \u00een r\u00e2ndurile comunit\u0103\u0163ii greco-catolice din America, fiind privit ca o \u00eencununare a eforturilor pe care rom\u00e2nii americani le-au depus pentru \u00eenf\u0103ptuirea acestui ideal. La Marea Adunare de la Alba Iulia, la care au participat peste 100.000 de rom\u00e2ni, actul Unirii a fost citit de c\u0103tre episcopul greco-catolic Iuliu Hossu, ca o dovad\u0103 c\u0103 Biserica Greco-Catolic\u0103 \u015fi ierarhii ei au luptat pentru \u00eenf\u0103ptuirea acestui mare ideal.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Episcopul Iuliu Hossu citind proclamatia Marii Uniri (1918)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Episcopul Iuliu Hossu a f\u0103cut parte din delega\u0163ia rom\u00e2nilor ardeleni care au dus la Bucure\u015fti Declara\u0163ia de Unire de la Alba Iulia, acest act fiindu-i \u00eenm\u00e2nat regelui Ferdinand. Greco-catolicii rom\u00e2ni din Statele Unite s-au sim\u0163it m\u00e2ndri pentru c\u0103 Biserica Greco-Catolic\u0103 din Transilvania a fost implicat\u0103 \u00een totalitate \u00een realizarea acestui proiect grandios al Rom\u00e2niei Mari, proiect pentru care au luptat \u015fi ei, aici, \u00een America.<\/p>\n

\u00centre anii 1919-1921, o parte din preo\u0163ii rom\u00e2ni greco-catolici din America, \u00een frunte cu Epaminonda Lucaciu s-au \u00eentors definitiv \u00een Rom\u00e2nia Mare re\u00eentregit\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen anul 1929, rom\u00e2nii americani au primit din partea ministrului de Stat al Rom\u00e2niei, Sever Bocu invita\u0163ia de a participa la manifest\u0103rile dedicate \u00eemplinirii a zece ani de la Marea Unire din 1918. Rom\u00e2nii americani \u015fi-au trimis reprezentan\u0163ii, form\u00e2nd o delega\u0163ie de peste 300 de persoane, care au participat la Bucure\u015fti \u015fi Alba Iulia, la Serb\u0103rile Unirii, fiind primi\u0163i de c\u0103tre Iuliu Maniu, autorit\u0103\u0163ile civile \u015fi militare, reprezentan\u0163i ai bisericilor Ortodoxe \u015fi Greco-Catolice.<\/p>\n

Bucuria \u00eenfaptuirii actului Unirii Transilvaniei cu Rom\u00e2nia a fost tr\u0103it\u0103 cu aceea\u015fi intensitate ca a rom\u00e2nilor de acas\u0103, \u015fi de c\u0103tre rom\u00e2nii americani, proveni\u0163i \u00een acea perioad\u0103, \u00een marea majoritate, din Transilvania.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Surse bibliografice:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Petru MIhail Nicolae St\u00eenea, Istoria Bisericii Greco-Catolice Rom\u00e2ne din Statele Unite ale Americii, 1903-2016<\/em>, Alba Iulia, Editura Altip, 2016.<\/p>\n

\u015etefan Str\u0103jeri, Rom\u00e2nii americani de la Marile Lacuri. Peste 100 de ani de prezen\u0163\u0103 rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 \u00een statul American Michigan<\/em>, Bucure\u015fti, Editura Anamarol, 2014.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Instaurarea dualismului austro-ungar \u00een anul 1867 \u015fi trecerea Transilvaniei direct sub guvernare maghiar\u0103 a \u00eensemnat o grea lovitur\u0103 pentru rom\u00e2nii transilv\u0103neni. Au \u00eenceput s\u0103 apar\u0103 legi care vizau maghiarizarea rom\u00e2nilor <\/span>Continue Reading<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"ro","enabled_languages":["en","ro"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\nRom\u00e2nii 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